Japan’s ruling bloc wins upper house elections

By MALCOLM FOSTER

Associated Press

TOKYO — Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s ruling coalition won a comfortable majority in the upper house of parliament in elections, gaining control of both chambers and a mandate to press ahead with difficult economic reforms.

The win is an endorsement of the Liberal Democratic Party’s “Abenomics” program, which has helped spark a tentative economic recovery in Japan.

It’s also a vindication for Abe, who lost upper house elections in 2007 during his previous stint as prime minister.

“We’ve won the public’s support for decisive and stable politics so that we can pursue our economic policies, and we will make sure to live up to the expectations,” Abe told public broadcaster NHK after he was projected to win based on exit polls and early results. Official results were expected early Monday.

The victory also offers the hawkish Abe more leeway to advance his conservative policy goals, including revising the country’s pacifist constitution and bolstering Japan’s military, which could further strain ties with key neighbors China and South Korea, who are embroiled in territorial disputes with Japan.

Controlling both houses of parliament has been an elusive goal in recent years. A divided parliament has had difficulty passing legislation, and voters fed up with the gridlock and high leadership turnover appeared willing to opt for the perceived safety of the LDP, which has ruled Japan for most of the post-World War II era.

Abe said voters supported the LDP to push his party’s economic policies and said it would be the government’s top priority.

“Now that we got rid of the twisted parliament, the LDP is going to face a test of whether we can push forward the economic policies so that the people can really feel the effect on their lives,” Abe told NHK.

Japan’s stagnant economy is showing signs of perking up, helped by the aggressive monetary and fiscal stimuli that Abe has implemented since he took office in late December. Stocks have surged, business confidence is improving and the weaker yen has eased pressure on vital exporters.

“I want them to carry on doing their best as the economy seems to be picking up,” Naohisa Hayashi, a 35-year-old man who runs his own business, said after casting his ballot in Tokyo.

But long-term growth will depend on sweeping changes to boost competitiveness and help cope with Japan’s rapidly graying population and soaring national debt. Such reforms, long overdue, are bound to prove difficult even with control of both chambers of parliament.

Abe also faces a decision this fall on whether to follow through on raising the sales tax next April from 5 percent to 8 percent, a move needed to shore up Japan’s public finances, but one that many worry will derail the recovery.

Based on exit polls and early results, NHK predicted that the LDP and its coalition partner, New Komeito, won a combined 74 seats, giving them a total of 133 seats in the upper house, more than the 122 needed for a majority.

The LDP was projected to have won 64 seats, which together with the 50 it held before the elections would give it 114, short of an outright majority.

The main opposition Democratic Party of Japan, which fell from power in December elections, was projected to lose nearly 30 seats.

Voter turnout was low, suggesting a lack of public enthusiasm. According to Kyodo News agency, 52 percent of eligible voters cast ballots, the third-lowest turnout since the end of World War II.

The Liberal Democrats’ “Recover Japan” platform calls a strong economy, strategic diplomacy and unshakable national security under the Japan-U.S. alliance, which allows for 50,000 American troops to be stationed in Japan.

The party also favors revising the country’s pacifist constitution, drafted by the United States after World War II, to give Japan’s military a larger role — a message that alarms the Chinese government but resonates with some Japanese voters troubled by territorial disputes with China and South Korea and widespread distrust of an increasingly assertive Beijing.

Abe has upset both neighbors by saying he hopes to revise a 1995 apology by Japan for its wartime aggression and questioning the extent to which Korean, Chinese and other Asian women were forced to provide sex for Japanese soldiers before and during World War II.

Revising the constitution would require two-thirds approval by both houses of parliament and a national referendum. Polls show the public is less interested in such matters than in reviving the economy and rebuilding areas of northeastern Japan devastated by the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami.

In his interview with NHK on Sunday night, Abe said he would not rush the debate on constitutional revision and seeks to “expand and deepen” discussion to gain public support over time. He said there was still some homework to do, including finalizing details of a national referendum.

Abe also hinted at possibly cooperating with the new Restoration Party, co-led by outspoken Osaka Mayor Toru Hashimoto, in trying to reach the two-thirds majority. Hashimoto stirred up controversy in May when he said that Japan’s wartime system of using Asian women in battlefront brothels was necessary at the time.

Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said the LDP would try to make progress on constitutional revision because it’s the party’s long-cherished goal.

“We have sought to revise the constitution in order to have one of our own. We have finally come to a point where a revision is a realistic option. We would definitely want to deepen a discussion,” Suga told broadcaster NTV.

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Associated Press writers Elaine Kurtenbach, Mari Yamaguchi and Kaori Hitomi contributed to this report.