Ferns have been around for over 360 million years. Giant tree fern forests were common for millions of years but they gave way as flowering plants evolved to take their place. Today most of the nearly 800 species of tree ferns are considered endangered because of climate change. Even in Hawaii we see a fraction of the tree fern forests that existed before the 19th century. The introduction of pigs by early Polynesians and later the introduction of cattle played an important part of forest destruction.

If the showers continue, soups are a great idea for lunch or dinner.

May 3 marked the fourth anniversary of the start of Kilauea’s historic 2018 eruption that covered much of lower Puna with lava flows and dropped the crater floor of the summit. This anniversary is an appropriate time to reflect on the dynamic landscape we share and the events of the past 4 years. At the same time, we’re considering what these recent changes might mean for future activity at Kilauea.

Sunday is Mother’s Day and if you forgot any of those favorite women in your life, you are in real trouble! Trying to wrack your brains for just the right last-minute gift can be frustrating. Chocolates are often a favorite gift, but why not go one step further and treat your loved ones to the Big Island Chocolate Festival on May 14 at the Waikoloa Beach Marriot Resort and Spa. The event is an all-VIP affair with a four-course dinner service. There will be unlimited wine and beer plus a newly launched specialty chocolate spritzer by Ola Brew, according to the organizers. There will also be live music and dancing. Other chocolate surprises will be served as well. For tickets visit www.bigislandchocolatefestival.com/tickets.